Regional Dissemination of a Trimethoprim-Resistance Gene Cassette via a Successful Transposable Element
Identifieur interne : 000706 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000705; suivant : 000707Regional Dissemination of a Trimethoprim-Resistance Gene Cassette via a Successful Transposable Element
Auteurs : Amy S. Labar [États-Unis] ; Jennifer S. Millman [États-Unis] ; Ellen Ruebush [États-Unis] ; Japheth A. Opintan [Ghana] ; Rima A. Bishar [États-Unis] ; A. Oladipo Aboderin [Nigeria] ; Mercy J. Newman [Ghana] ; Adebayo Lamikanra [Nigeria] ; Iruka N. Okeke [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing international problem. We observed a 50% increase in the prevalence of trimethoprim resistance among fecal
A PCR-based screen revealed that 131 (43.1%) of isolates obtained in Nigeria in 2005 and 2009 carried integron-borne
Our data point to transposition as a principal mechanism for disseminating
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038142
PubMed: 22666464
PubMed Central: 3364232
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000483
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000482
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000340
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 000498
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 000498
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 000498
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000707
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000706
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Regional Dissemination of a Trimethoprim-Resistance Gene Cassette via a Successful Transposable Element</title><author><name sortKey="Labar, Amy S" sort="Labar, Amy S" uniqKey="Labar A" first="Amy S." last="Labar">Amy S. Labar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millman, Jennifer S" sort="Millman, Jennifer S" uniqKey="Millman J" first="Jennifer S." last="Millman">Jennifer S. Millman</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruebush, Ellen" sort="Ruebush, Ellen" uniqKey="Ruebush E" first="Ellen" last="Ruebush">Ellen Ruebush</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Opintan, Japheth A" sort="Opintan, Japheth A" uniqKey="Opintan J" first="Japheth A." last="Opintan">Japheth A. Opintan</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bishar, Rima A" sort="Bishar, Rima A" uniqKey="Bishar R" first="Rima A." last="Bishar">Rima A. Bishar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aboderin, A Oladipo" sort="Aboderin, A Oladipo" uniqKey="Aboderin A" first="A. Oladipo" last="Aboderin">A. Oladipo Aboderin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ile-Ife</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Newman, Mercy J" sort="Newman, Mercy J" uniqKey="Newman M" first="Mercy J." last="Newman">Mercy J. Newman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, Adebayo" sort="Lamikanra, Adebayo" uniqKey="Lamikanra A" first="Adebayo" last="Lamikanra">Adebayo Lamikanra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Pharmaceutics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmaceutics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ile-Ife</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, Iruka N" sort="Okeke, Iruka N" uniqKey="Okeke I" first="Iruka N." last="Okeke">Iruka N. Okeke</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22666464</idno><idno type="pmc">3364232</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3364232</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3364232</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0038142</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000483</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000483</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000482</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000482</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000340</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000340</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000707</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000706</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000706</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Regional Dissemination of a Trimethoprim-Resistance Gene Cassette via a Successful Transposable Element</title><author><name sortKey="Labar, Amy S" sort="Labar, Amy S" uniqKey="Labar A" first="Amy S." last="Labar">Amy S. Labar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millman, Jennifer S" sort="Millman, Jennifer S" uniqKey="Millman J" first="Jennifer S." last="Millman">Jennifer S. Millman</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruebush, Ellen" sort="Ruebush, Ellen" uniqKey="Ruebush E" first="Ellen" last="Ruebush">Ellen Ruebush</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Opintan, Japheth A" sort="Opintan, Japheth A" uniqKey="Opintan J" first="Japheth A." last="Opintan">Japheth A. Opintan</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bishar, Rima A" sort="Bishar, Rima A" uniqKey="Bishar R" first="Rima A." last="Bishar">Rima A. Bishar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aboderin, A Oladipo" sort="Aboderin, A Oladipo" uniqKey="Aboderin A" first="A. Oladipo" last="Aboderin">A. Oladipo Aboderin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ile-Ife</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Newman, Mercy J" sort="Newman, Mercy J" uniqKey="Newman M" first="Mercy J." last="Newman">Mercy J. Newman</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, Adebayo" sort="Lamikanra, Adebayo" uniqKey="Lamikanra A" first="Adebayo" last="Lamikanra">Adebayo Lamikanra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Pharmaceutics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmaceutics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ile-Ife</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, Iruka N" sort="Okeke, Iruka N" uniqKey="Okeke I" first="Iruka N." last="Okeke">Iruka N. Okeke</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Antimicrobial resistance is a growing international problem. We observed a 50% increase in the prevalence of trimethoprim resistance among fecal <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> from healthy Nigerian students between 1998 and 2005, a trend to increase that continued in 2009.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods and Findings</title><p>A PCR-based screen revealed that 131 (43.1%) of isolates obtained in Nigeria in 2005 and 2009 carried integron-borne <italic>dfrA</italic> cassettes. In the case of 67 (51.1%) of these isolates, the cassette was a class 1-integron-borne <italic>dfrA7</italic> gene, which has been reported at high prevalence from <italic>E. coli</italic> isolates from other parts of Africa. Complete sequencing of a 27 Kb <italic>dfrA7</italic>-bearing plasmid from one isolate located the <italic>dfrA7</italic> gene within a Tn<italic>21</italic>-type transposon. The transposon also contained an IS<italic>26</italic>-derived <italic>bla/sul/str</italic> element, encoding resistance to β-lactams, sulphonamides and streptomycin, and mercury resistance genes. Although the plasmid backbone was only found in 12 (5.8%) of trimethoprim-resistant isolates, <italic>dfrA7</italic> and other transposon-borne genes were detected in 14 (16.3%) and 32 (26.3%) of trimethoprim resistant isolates collected in Nigeria in 2005 and 2009, respectively. Additionally, 37 (19.3%) of trimethoprim-resistant <italic>E. coli</italic> isolates collected between 2006 and 2008 from Ghana were positive for the <italic>dfrA7</italic> and a transposon marker, but only 4 (2.1%) harbored the plasmid backbone.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Our data point to transposition as a principal mechanism for disseminating <italic>dfrA7</italic> among <italic>E. coli</italic> from Nigeria and Ghana. On-going intensive use of the affordable broad-spectrum antibacterials is likely to promote selective success of a highly prevalent transposable element in West Africa.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, A" uniqKey="Lamikanra A">A Lamikanra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crowe, Jl" uniqKey="Crowe J">JL Crowe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lijek, Rs" uniqKey="Lijek R">RS Lijek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odetoyin, Bw" uniqKey="Odetoyin B">BW Odetoyin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wain, J" uniqKey="Wain J">J Wain</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morgan, Dj" uniqKey="Morgan D">DJ Morgan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laxminarayan, R" uniqKey="Laxminarayan R">R Laxminarayan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perencevich, En" uniqKey="Perencevich E">EN Perencevich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weisenberg, S" uniqKey="Weisenberg S">S Weisenberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Goldie, Sj" uniqKey="Goldie S">SJ Goldie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yazdanpanah, Y" uniqKey="Yazdanpanah Y">Y Yazdanpanah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Losina, E" uniqKey="Losina E">E Losina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weinstein, Mc" uniqKey="Weinstein M">MC Weinstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anglaret, X" uniqKey="Anglaret X">X Anglaret</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ford, N" uniqKey="Ford N">N Ford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mills, E" uniqKey="Mills E">E Mills</name></author><author><name sortKey="Calmy, A" uniqKey="Calmy A">A Calmy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huovinen, P" uniqKey="Huovinen P">P Huovinen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundström</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swedberg, G" uniqKey="Swedberg G">G Swedberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skold, O" uniqKey="Skold O">O Sköld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cambray, G" uniqKey="Cambray G">G Cambray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guerout, Am" uniqKey="Guerout A">AM Guerout</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mazel, D" uniqKey="Mazel D">D Mazel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nield, Bs" uniqKey="Nield B">BS Nield</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, Aj" uniqKey="Holmes A">AJ Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gillings, Mr" uniqKey="Gillings M">MR Gillings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Recchia, Gd" uniqKey="Recchia G">GD Recchia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mabbutt, Bc" uniqKey="Mabbutt B">BC Mabbutt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Crespo, O" uniqKey="Crespo O">O Crespo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Catalano, M" uniqKey="Catalano M">M Catalano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pi Eiro, S" uniqKey="Pi Eiro S">S Piñeiro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matteo, M" uniqKey="Matteo M">M Matteo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leanza, A" uniqKey="Leanza A">A Leanza</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jansson, C" uniqKey="Jansson C">C Jansson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skold, O" uniqKey="Skold O">O Skold</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jansson, C" uniqKey="Jansson C">C Jansson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Franklin, A" uniqKey="Franklin A">A Franklin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skold, O" uniqKey="Skold O">O Skold</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heikkila, E" uniqKey="Heikkila E">E Heikkila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundstrom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skurnik, M" uniqKey="Skurnik M">M Skurnik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huovinen, P" uniqKey="Huovinen P">P Huovinen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kraft, Ca" uniqKey="Kraft C">CA Kraft</name></author><author><name sortKey="Timbury, Mc" uniqKey="Timbury M">MC Timbury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Platt, Dj" uniqKey="Platt D">DJ Platt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steen, R" uniqKey="Steen R">R Steen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skold, O" uniqKey="Skold O">O Skold</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Am" uniqKey="Ahmed A">AM Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawaguchi, F" uniqKey="Kawaguchi F">F Kawaguchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shimamoto, T" uniqKey="Shimamoto T">T Shimamoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Opintan, Ja" uniqKey="Opintan J">JA Opintan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newman, Mj" uniqKey="Newman M">MJ Newman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nsiah Poodoh, Oa" uniqKey="Nsiah Poodoh O">OA Nsiah-Poodoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brolund, A" uniqKey="Brolund A">A Brolund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundqvist, M" uniqKey="Sundqvist M">M Sundqvist</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kahlmeter, G" uniqKey="Kahlmeter G">G Kahlmeter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grape, M" uniqKey="Grape M">M Grape</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ajiboye, Rm" uniqKey="Ajiboye R">RM Ajiboye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Solberg, Od" uniqKey="Solberg O">OD Solberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bm" uniqKey="Lee B">BM Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raphael, E" uniqKey="Raphael E">E Raphael</name></author><author><name sortKey="Debroy, C" uniqKey="Debroy C">C Debroy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Towner, Kj" uniqKey="Towner K">KJ Towner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brennan, A" uniqKey="Brennan A">A Brennan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holtham, Ca" uniqKey="Holtham C">CA Holtham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brough, Jl" uniqKey="Brough J">JL Brough</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Newman, Mj" uniqKey="Newman M">MJ Newman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seidu, A" uniqKey="Seidu A">A Seidu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Namboodiri, Ss" uniqKey="Namboodiri S">SS Namboodiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Opintan, Ja" uniqKey="Opintan J">JA Opintan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lijek, Rs" uniqKey="Lijek R">RS Lijek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newman, Mj" uniqKey="Newman M">MJ Newman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Okeke, I" uniqKey="Okeke I">I Okeke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, A" uniqKey="Lamikanra A">A Lamikanra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Czeczulin, J" uniqKey="Czeczulin J">J Czeczulin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dubovsky, F" uniqKey="Dubovsky F">F Dubovsky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaper, J" uniqKey="Kaper J">J Kaper</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steinruck, H" uniqKey="Steinruck H">H Steinruck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kanack, Kj" uniqKey="Kanack K">KJ Kanack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elliott, Sj" uniqKey="Elliott S">SJ Elliott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundstrom</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ashley, Ea" uniqKey="Ashley E">EA Ashley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lubell, Y" uniqKey="Lubell Y">Y Lubell</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Nj" uniqKey="White N">NJ White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, P" uniqKey="Turner P">P Turner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Jr" uniqKey="Johnson J">JR Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Menard, Me" uniqKey="Menard M">ME Menard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lauderdale, Tl" uniqKey="Lauderdale T">TL Lauderdale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosmidis, C" uniqKey="Kosmidis C">C Kosmidis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, D" uniqKey="Gordon D">D Gordon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fayinka, St" uniqKey="Fayinka S">ST Fayinka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, A" uniqKey="Lamikanra A">A Lamikanra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nccls" uniqKey="Nccls">NCCLS</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O Rien, Tf" uniqKey="O Rien T">TF O’Brien</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stelling, Jm" uniqKey="Stelling J">JM Stelling</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kado, Ci" uniqKey="Kado C">CI Kado</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, St" uniqKey="Liu S">ST Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nwaneshiudu, Ai" uniqKey="Nwaneshiudu A">AI Nwaneshiudu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mucci, T" uniqKey="Mucci T">T Mucci</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pickard, Dj" uniqKey="Pickard D">DJ Pickard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sambrook, J" uniqKey="Sambrook J">J Sambrook</name></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Dw" uniqKey="Russell D">DW Russell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Levesque, C" uniqKey="Levesque C">C Lévesque</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piche, L" uniqKey="Piche L">L Piché</name></author><author><name sortKey="Larose, C" uniqKey="Larose C">C Larose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, Ph" uniqKey="Roy P">PH Roy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="White, Pa" uniqKey="White P">PA White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mciver, Cj" uniqKey="Mciver C">CJ McIver</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rawlinson, Wd" uniqKey="Rawlinson W">WD Rawlinson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Tj" uniqKey="Johnson T">TJ Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wannemuehler, Ym" uniqKey="Wannemuehler Y">YM Wannemuehler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Sj" uniqKey="Johnson S">SJ Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Logue, Cm" uniqKey="Logue C">CM Logue</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Dg" uniqKey="White D">DG White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tobe, T" uniqKey="Tobe T">T Tobe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hayashi, T" uniqKey="Hayashi T">T Hayashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Han, C" uniqKey="Han C">C Han</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brinkley, C" uniqKey="Brinkley C">C Brinkley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burland, V" uniqKey="Burland V">V Burland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keller, R" uniqKey="Keller R">R Keller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rose, Dj" uniqKey="Rose D">DJ Rose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boutin, At" uniqKey="Boutin A">AT Boutin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Parkhill, J" uniqKey="Parkhill J">J Parkhill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dougan, G" uniqKey="Dougan G">G Dougan</name></author><author><name sortKey="James, Kd" uniqKey="James K">KD James</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, Nr" uniqKey="Thomson N">NR Thomson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pickard, D" uniqKey="Pickard D">D Pickard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, J" uniqKey="Lu J">J Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manchak, J" uniqKey="Manchak J">J Manchak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klimke, W" uniqKey="Klimke W">W Klimke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davidson, C" uniqKey="Davidson C">C Davidson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Firth, N" uniqKey="Firth N">N Firth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fields, P" uniqKey="Fields P">P Fields</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blom, K" uniqKey="Blom K">K Blom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, H" uniqKey="Hughes H">H Hughes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Helsel, L" uniqKey="Helsel L">L Helsel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, P" uniqKey="Feng P">P Feng</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wirth, T" uniqKey="Wirth T">T Wirth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Falush, D" uniqKey="Falush D">D Falush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lan, R" uniqKey="Lan R">R Lan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Colles, F" uniqKey="Colles F">F Colles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mensa, P" uniqKey="Mensa P">P Mensa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rutherford, K" uniqKey="Rutherford K">K Rutherford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parkhill, J" uniqKey="Parkhill J">J Parkhill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crook, J" uniqKey="Crook J">J Crook</name></author><author><name sortKey="Horsnell, T" uniqKey="Horsnell T">T Horsnell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rice, P" uniqKey="Rice P">P Rice</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carver, T" uniqKey="Carver T">T Carver</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, N" uniqKey="Thomson N">N Thomson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bleasby, A" uniqKey="Bleasby A">A Bleasby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berriman, M" uniqKey="Berriman M">M Berriman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parkhill, J" uniqKey="Parkhill J">J Parkhill</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eckert, C" uniqKey="Eckert C">C Eckert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gautier, V" uniqKey="Gautier V">V Gautier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arlet, G" uniqKey="Arlet G">G Arlet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heikkila, E" uniqKey="Heikkila E">E Heikkila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siitonen, A" uniqKey="Siitonen A">A Siitonen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jahkola, M" uniqKey="Jahkola M">M Jahkola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fling, M" uniqKey="Fling M">M Fling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundstrom</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tait, S" uniqKey="Tait S">S Tait</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amyes, Sg" uniqKey="Amyes S">SG Amyes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heikkila, E" uniqKey="Heikkila E">E Heikkila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundstrom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huovinen, P" uniqKey="Huovinen P">P Huovinen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vinue, L" uniqKey="Vinue L">L Vinue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saenz, Y" uniqKey="Saenz Y">Y Saenz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Somalo, S" uniqKey="Somalo S">S Somalo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Escudero, E" uniqKey="Escudero E">E Escudero</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moreno, Ma" uniqKey="Moreno M">MA Moreno</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pallecchi, L" uniqKey="Pallecchi L">L Pallecchi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lucchetti, C" uniqKey="Lucchetti C">C Lucchetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bartoloni, A" uniqKey="Bartoloni A">A Bartoloni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bartalesi, F" uniqKey="Bartalesi F">F Bartalesi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mantella, A" uniqKey="Mantella A">A Mantella</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sundstrom, L" uniqKey="Sundstrom L">L Sundström</name></author><author><name sortKey="Swedberg, G" uniqKey="Swedberg G">G Swedberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skold, O" uniqKey="Skold O">O Sköld</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heikkila, E" uniqKey="Heikkila E">E Heikkila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Renkonen, Ov" uniqKey="Renkonen O">OV Renkonen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sunila, R" uniqKey="Sunila R">R Sunila</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uurasmaa, P" uniqKey="Uurasmaa P">P Uurasmaa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huovinen, P" uniqKey="Huovinen P">P Huovinen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Jc" uniqKey="Lee J">JC Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oh, Jy" uniqKey="Oh J">JY Oh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Jw" uniqKey="Cho J">JW Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Jc" uniqKey="Park J">JC Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jm" uniqKey="Kim J">JM Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, Cm" uniqKey="Yang C">CM Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Mf" uniqKey="Lin M">MF Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Ch" uniqKey="Lin C">CH Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yt" uniqKey="Huang Y">YT Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hsu, Ct" uniqKey="Hsu C">CT Hsu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vasilakopoulou, A" uniqKey="Vasilakopoulou A">A Vasilakopoulou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Psichogiou, M" uniqKey="Psichogiou M">M Psichogiou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tzouvelekis, L" uniqKey="Tzouvelekis L">L Tzouvelekis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tassios, Pt" uniqKey="Tassios P">PT Tassios</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosmidis, C" uniqKey="Kosmidis C">C Kosmidis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="El Najjar, Ng" uniqKey="El Najjar N">NG El-Najjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farah, Mj" uniqKey="Farah M">MJ Farah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hashwa, Fa" uniqKey="Hashwa F">FA Hashwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tokajian, St" uniqKey="Tokajian S">ST Tokajian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bailey, Jk" uniqKey="Bailey J">JK Bailey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinyon, Jl" uniqKey="Pinyon J">JL Pinyon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anantham, S" uniqKey="Anantham S">S Anantham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Rm" uniqKey="Hall R">RM Hall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wain, J" uniqKey="Wain J">J Wain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diem Nga, Lt" uniqKey="Diem Nga L">LT Diem Nga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kidgell, C" uniqKey="Kidgell C">C Kidgell</name></author><author><name sortKey="James, K" uniqKey="James K">K James</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fortune, S" uniqKey="Fortune S">S Fortune</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ploy, Mc" uniqKey="Ploy M">MC Ploy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chainier, D" uniqKey="Chainier D">D Chainier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tran Thi, Nh" uniqKey="Tran Thi N">NH Tran Thi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poilane, I" uniqKey="Poilane I">I Poilane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cruaud, P" uniqKey="Cruaud P">P Cruaud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, A" uniqKey="Lamikanra A">A Lamikanra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ako Nai, Ak" uniqKey="Ako Nai A">AK Ako-nai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunniyi, Da" uniqKey="Ogunniyi D">DA Ogunniyi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gassama, A" uniqKey="Gassama A">A Gassama</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aidara Kane, A" uniqKey="Aidara Kane A">A Aidara-Kane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chainier, D" uniqKey="Chainier D">D Chainier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denis, F" uniqKey="Denis F">F Denis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ploy, Mc" uniqKey="Ploy M">MC Ploy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adrian, Pv" uniqKey="Adrian P">PV Adrian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klugman, Kp" uniqKey="Klugman K">KP Klugman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Amyes, Sg" uniqKey="Amyes S">SG Amyes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frank, T" uniqKey="Frank T">T Frank</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gautier, V" uniqKey="Gautier V">V Gautier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Talarmin, A" uniqKey="Talarmin A">A Talarmin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bercion, R" uniqKey="Bercion R">R Bercion</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arlet, G" uniqKey="Arlet G">G Arlet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dahmen, S" uniqKey="Dahmen S">S Dahmen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mansour, W" uniqKey="Mansour W">W Mansour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boujaafar, N" uniqKey="Boujaafar N">N Boujaafar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arlet, G" uniqKey="Arlet G">G Arlet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bouallegue, O" uniqKey="Bouallegue O">O Bouallegue</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chah, Kf" uniqKey="Chah K">KF Chah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agbo, Ic" uniqKey="Agbo I">IC Agbo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eze, Dc" uniqKey="Eze D">DC Eze</name></author><author><name sortKey="Somalo, S" uniqKey="Somalo S">S Somalo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Estepa, V" uniqKey="Estepa V">V Estepa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ojo, Kk" uniqKey="Ojo K">KK Ojo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Waturangi, De" uniqKey="Waturangi D">DE Waturangi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odelola, Ha" uniqKey="Odelola H">HA Odelola</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suwanto, A" uniqKey="Suwanto A">A Suwanto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarz, S" uniqKey="Schwarz S">S Schwarz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Djie Maletz, A" uniqKey="Djie Maletz A">A Djie-Maletz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reither, K" uniqKey="Reither K">K Reither</name></author><author><name sortKey="Danour, S" uniqKey="Danour S">S Danour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anyidoho, L" uniqKey="Anyidoho L">L Anyidoho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saad, E" uniqKey="Saad E">E Saad</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ceccarelli, D" uniqKey="Ceccarelli D">D Ceccarelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bani, S" uniqKey="Bani S">S Bani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cappuccinelli, P" uniqKey="Cappuccinelli P">P Cappuccinelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Colombo, Mm" uniqKey="Colombo M">MM Colombo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ceccarelli, D" uniqKey="Ceccarelli D">D Ceccarelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salvia, Am" uniqKey="Salvia A">AM Salvia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sami, J" uniqKey="Sami J">J Sami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cappuccinelli, P" uniqKey="Cappuccinelli P">P Cappuccinelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Colombo, Mm" uniqKey="Colombo M">MM Colombo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Solberg, Od" uniqKey="Solberg O">OD Solberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ajiboye, Rm" uniqKey="Ajiboye R">RM Ajiboye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, Lw" uniqKey="Riley L">LW Riley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Jr" uniqKey="Johnson J">JR Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manges, Ar" uniqKey="Manges A">AR Manges</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Ryan, Tt" uniqKey="O Ryan T">TT O’Bryan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, Lw" uniqKey="Riley L">LW Riley</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="France, Am" uniqKey="France A">AM France</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kugeler, Km" uniqKey="Kugeler K">KM Kugeler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, A" uniqKey="Freeman A">A Freeman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zalewski, Ca" uniqKey="Zalewski C">CA Zalewski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blahna, M" uniqKey="Blahna M">M Blahna</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holt, K" uniqKey="Holt K">K Holt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phan, M" uniqKey="Phan M">M Phan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, S" uniqKey="Baker S">S Baker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duy, P" uniqKey="Duy P">P Duy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nga, T" uniqKey="Nga T">T Nga</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carattoli, A" uniqKey="Carattoli A">A Carattoli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, S" uniqKey="Lu S">S Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, X" uniqKey="Zhang X">X Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Y" uniqKey="Zhu Y">Y Zhu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ks" uniqKey="Kim K">KS Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, J" uniqKey="Yang J">J Yang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Petty, Nk" uniqKey="Petty N">NK Petty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bulgin, R" uniqKey="Bulgin R">R Bulgin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crepin, Vf" uniqKey="Crepin V">VF Crepin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cerdeno Tarraga, Am" uniqKey="Cerdeno Tarraga A">AM Cerdeno-Tarraga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schroeder, Gn" uniqKey="Schroeder G">GN Schroeder</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holt, Ke" uniqKey="Holt K">KE Holt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, Nr" uniqKey="Thomson N">NR Thomson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wain, J" uniqKey="Wain J">J Wain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phan, Md" uniqKey="Phan M">MD Phan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nair, S" uniqKey="Nair S">S Nair</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, Cy" uniqKey="Chen C">CY Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nace, Gw" uniqKey="Nace G">GW Nace</name></author><author><name sortKey="Solow, B" uniqKey="Solow B">B Solow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fratamico, P" uniqKey="Fratamico P">P Fratamico</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Venturini, C" uniqKey="Venturini C">C Venturini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beatson, Sa" uniqKey="Beatson S">SA Beatson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Djordjevic, Sp" uniqKey="Djordjevic S">SP Djordjevic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Mj" uniqKey="Walker M">MJ Walker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yau, S" uniqKey="Yau S">S Yau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, X" uniqKey="Liu X">X Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Djordjevic, Sp" uniqKey="Djordjevic S">SP Djordjevic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Rm" uniqKey="Hall R">RM Hall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kingsley, Ra" uniqKey="Kingsley R">RA Kingsley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Msefula, Cl" uniqKey="Msefula C">CL Msefula</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, Nr" uniqKey="Thomson N">NR Thomson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kariuki, S" uniqKey="Kariuki S">S Kariuki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holt, Ke" uniqKey="Holt K">KE Holt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liebert, Ca" uniqKey="Liebert C">CA Liebert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Rm" uniqKey="Hall R">RM Hall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Summers, Ao" uniqKey="Summers A">AO Summers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Douard, G" uniqKey="Douard G">G Douard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Praud, K" uniqKey="Praud K">K Praud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cloeckaert, A" uniqKey="Cloeckaert A">A Cloeckaert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doublet, B" uniqKey="Doublet B">B Doublet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dawes, F" uniqKey="Dawes F">F Dawes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuzevski, A" uniqKey="Kuzevski A">A Kuzevski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bettelheim, K" uniqKey="Bettelheim K">K Bettelheim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hornitzky, M" uniqKey="Hornitzky M">M Hornitzky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Djordjevic, S" uniqKey="Djordjevic S">S Djordjevic</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Okeke, In" uniqKey="Okeke I">IN Okeke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edelman, R" uniqKey="Edelman R">R Edelman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roper, C" uniqKey="Roper C">C Roper</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pearce, R" uniqKey="Pearce R">R Pearce</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nair, S" uniqKey="Nair S">S Nair</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sharp, B" uniqKey="Sharp B">B Sharp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nosten, F" uniqKey="Nosten F">F Nosten</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lamikanra, A" uniqKey="Lamikanra A">A Lamikanra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fayinka, St" uniqKey="Fayinka S">ST Fayinka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Olusanya, Oo" uniqKey="Olusanya O">OO Olusanya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Skurnik, D" uniqKey="Skurnik D">D Skurnik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lacheeb, S" uniqKey="Lacheeb S">S Lacheeb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernede, C" uniqKey="Bernede C">C Bernede</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le Menac, A" uniqKey="Le Menac A">A le Menac’H</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elbaz, S" uniqKey="Elbaz S">S Elbaz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anglaret, X" uniqKey="Anglaret X">X Anglaret</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chene, G" uniqKey="Chene G">G Chene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Attia, A" uniqKey="Attia A">A Attia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Toure, S" uniqKey="Toure S">S Toure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lafont, S" uniqKey="Lafont S">S Lafont</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Unaids" uniqKey="Unaids">UNAIDS</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hamel, Mj" uniqKey="Hamel M">MJ Hamel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greene, C" uniqKey="Greene C">C Greene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chiller, T" uniqKey="Chiller T">T Chiller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ouma, P" uniqKey="Ouma P">P Ouma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Polyak, C" uniqKey="Polyak C">C Polyak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gangoue Pieboji, J" uniqKey="Gangoue Pieboji J">J Gangoue-Pieboji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koulla Shiro, S" uniqKey="Koulla Shiro S">S Koulla-Shiro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ngassam, P" uniqKey="Ngassam P">P Ngassam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adiogo, D" uniqKey="Adiogo D">D Adiogo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ndumbe, P" uniqKey="Ndumbe P">P Ndumbe</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morpeth, Sc" uniqKey="Morpeth S">SC Morpeth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thielman, Nm" uniqKey="Thielman N">NM Thielman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramadhani, Ho" uniqKey="Ramadhani H">HO Ramadhani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, Jd" uniqKey="Hamilton J">JD Hamilton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ostermann, J" uniqKey="Ostermann J">J Ostermann</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gill, Cj" uniqKey="Gill C">CJ Gill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwanakasale, V" uniqKey="Mwanakasale V">V Mwanakasale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fox, Mp" uniqKey="Fox M">MP Fox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chilengi, R" uniqKey="Chilengi R">R Chilengi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tembo, M" uniqKey="Tembo M">M Tembo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Womble, Dd" uniqKey="Womble D">DD Womble</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rownd, Rh" uniqKey="Rownd R">RH Rownd</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Simon, U" uniqKey="Simon U">U Simon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Priefer, R" uniqKey="Priefer R">R Priefer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Puhler, A" uniqKey="Puhler A">A Pühler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Pennsylvanie</li><li>Région du Grand Accra</li></region><settlement><li>Accra</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Labar, Amy S" sort="Labar, Amy S" uniqKey="Labar A" first="Amy S." last="Labar">Amy S. Labar</name></region><name sortKey="Bishar, Rima A" sort="Bishar, Rima A" uniqKey="Bishar R" first="Rima A." last="Bishar">Rima A. Bishar</name><name sortKey="Millman, Jennifer S" sort="Millman, Jennifer S" uniqKey="Millman J" first="Jennifer S." last="Millman">Jennifer S. Millman</name><name sortKey="Okeke, Iruka N" sort="Okeke, Iruka N" uniqKey="Okeke I" first="Iruka N." last="Okeke">Iruka N. Okeke</name><name sortKey="Ruebush, Ellen" sort="Ruebush, Ellen" uniqKey="Ruebush E" first="Ellen" last="Ruebush">Ellen Ruebush</name></country><country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Opintan, Japheth A" sort="Opintan, Japheth A" uniqKey="Opintan J" first="Japheth A." last="Opintan">Japheth A. Opintan</name></region><name sortKey="Newman, Mercy J" sort="Newman, Mercy J" uniqKey="Newman M" first="Mercy J." last="Newman">Mercy J. Newman</name></country><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Aboderin, A Oladipo" sort="Aboderin, A Oladipo" uniqKey="Aboderin A" first="A. Oladipo" last="Aboderin">A. Oladipo Aboderin</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Lamikanra, Adebayo" sort="Lamikanra, Adebayo" uniqKey="Lamikanra A" first="Adebayo" last="Lamikanra">Adebayo Lamikanra</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/SidaGhanaV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000706 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000706 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= SidaGhanaV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3364232
|texte= Regional Dissemination of a Trimethoprim-Resistance Gene Cassette via a Successful Transposable Element
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:22666464" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SidaGhanaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |